INTRODUCTION

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is characterised by progressive weakness and impaired sensory function in the legs and arms. These symptoms are caused by damage to the myelin sheath of the peripheral nerves. Although it can occur at any age and in both sexes, CIDP is more common in young adults, and in men more so than women. It often presents with symptoms that include tingling or numbness (beginning in the toes and fingers), weakness of the arms and legs, loss of deep tendon reflexes, fatigue, and abnormal sensations. CIDP is closely related to Guillain-Barré syndrome and is considered to be the chronic counterpart of that acute disease.

Treatment for CIDP can include corticosteroids such as prednisone, which may be prescribed alone or in combination with immunosuppressant drugs. Plasmapheresis (plasma exchange) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy are also effective. IVIg may be used even as a first-line therapy. Physiotherapy may improve muscle strength, function and mobility, and minimize the shrinkage of muscles and tendons and distortions of the joints.

The course of CIDP varies widely among individuals. Some may have a bout of CIDP followed by spontaneous recovery, while others may have many bouts with partial recovery in between relapses.